網(wǎng)站項(xiàng)目建設(shè)流程概述

一.概念(concept)
網(wǎng)站項(xiàng)目管理就是根據(jù)特定的規(guī)范、在預(yù)算范圍內(nèi)、按時(shí)完成的網(wǎng)站設(shè)計(jì)開發(fā)任務(wù)。
Project management is website according to the specific standard, within budget, on time delivery website development task.

二.需求分析(Demand analysis)

項(xiàng)目立項(xiàng)(A project)

我們接到客戶的業(yè)務(wù)咨詢，經(jīng)過雙方不斷的接洽和了解，并通過基本的可行性討論夠，初步達(dá)成制作協(xié)議，這時(shí)就需要將項(xiàng)目立項(xiàng)。較好的做法是成立一個(gè)專門的項(xiàng)目小組，小組成員包括：項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理，網(wǎng)頁設(shè)計(jì)，程序員，測試員，編輯/文檔等必須人員。項(xiàng)目實(shí)行項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理制。
We received the client's business consulting, after both sides of constantly approach and understanding, and through the basic feasibility is discussed, made a preliminary agreement, when it needs to a project. A good practice is to set up a special project team, group members include: project manager, web page design, programmers, testers, the editor/documents etc must personnel. Projects for project manager system.

客戶的需求說明書(The demand of customer specifications)

第一步是需要客戶提供一個(gè)完整的需求說明。很多客戶對(duì)自己的需求并不是很清楚，需要您不斷引導(dǎo)和幫助分析。曾經(jīng)有一次，我問客戶：“您做網(wǎng)站的目的是什么？”他回答：“沒有目的，只是因?yàn)閯e人都有，我沒有！”。這樣的客戶就需要耐心說明，仔細(xì)分析，挖掘出他潛在的，真正的需求。 配合客戶寫一份詳細(xì)的，完整的需求說明會(huì)花很多時(shí)間，但這樣做是值得的，而且一定要讓客戶滿意，簽字認(rèn)可。把好這一關(guān)，可以杜絕很多因?yàn)樾枨蟛幻骰蚶斫馄钤斐傻氖д`和項(xiàng)目失敗。糟糕的需求說明不可能有高質(zhì)量的網(wǎng)站。那么需求說明書要達(dá)到怎樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)呢？簡單說，包含下面幾點(diǎn)：
The first step is to provide a complete demand explanation. Many customers to your needs and not very clear, need you to guide and help analysis. Once, I asked the customer: "you do web what is the purpose?" He answered, "no purpose, just because the other people all have, I have no!" . Such customers need that patient, careful analysis, digging out his potential, the real needs. Cooperate with customer to write a detailed, complete demand inaugurals spend a lot of time, but it is worth it, and be sure to let customer satisfaction, signed for approval. The good this a level, can put an end to many because demand unknown or understand deviation caused by failure failures and project. The needs of the poor that may not have high quality website. So how to achieve the requirements specifications standards? Simply said, include the following:

1.正確性：每個(gè)功能必須清楚描寫交付的功能；
Correctness: each function must be clear about the function of delivery;

2.可行性：確保在當(dāng)前的開發(fā)能力和系統(tǒng)環(huán)境下可以實(shí)現(xiàn)每個(gè)需求；
Feasibility: to ensure that in the current development ability and system environment can realize every demand;

3.必要性：功能是否必須交付，是否可以推遲實(shí)現(xiàn)，是否可以在削減開支情況發(fā)生時(shí)"砍"掉；
Necessity: function if they must be delivered, whether can delay realization, whether it be on cuts in spending occurs "cut" away;

4.簡明性：不要使用專業(yè)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)術(shù)語；
Conciseness: don't use a professional network of the term;

5.檢測性：如果開發(fā)完畢，客戶可以根據(jù)需求檢測。
Detection sex: if the development, customers can according to demand detection.

三.系統(tǒng)分析(System analysis)

網(wǎng)站總體設(shè)計(jì)(Web site overall design)

在拿到客戶的需求說明后，并不是直接開始制作，而是需要對(duì)項(xiàng)目進(jìn)行總體設(shè)計(jì)，詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)，出一份網(wǎng)站建設(shè)方案給客戶?？傮w設(shè)計(jì)是非常關(guān)鍵的一步。它主要確定：
Get the customer needs to illustrate the, and not just start production, but need to project to the overall design, detailed design, out of a website construction scheme to the customer. General design is very crucial step. It mainly sure:

1.網(wǎng)站需要實(shí)現(xiàn)哪些功能；
The website needs to have what functions;

2.網(wǎng)站開發(fā)使用什么軟件，在什么樣的硬件環(huán)境；
Web development use what software, in what kind of hardware environment;

3.需要多少人，多少時(shí)間；
How many people, how many time;

4.需要遵循的規(guī)則和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)有哪些。
Need to follow the rules and standards what.

同時(shí)需要寫一份總體規(guī)劃說明書，包括：
Also needs to write an overall plan specifications, including:

1.網(wǎng)站的欄目和版塊；
Section of the web site and edition piece;

2.網(wǎng)站的功能和相應(yīng)的程序；
The functionality of the site and the corresponding program;

3.網(wǎng)站的鏈接結(jié)構(gòu)；
Web link structure;

4.如果有數(shù)據(jù)庫，進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)庫的概念設(shè)計(jì)；
If have a database, the concept of database design;

5.網(wǎng)站的交互性和用戶友好設(shè)計(jì)。
The interactivity of web site design and user friendly.

網(wǎng)站建設(shè)方案(Website construction scheme)

在總體設(shè)計(jì)出來后，一般需要給客戶一個(gè)網(wǎng)站建設(shè)方案。很多網(wǎng)頁制作公司在接洽業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)就被客戶要求提供方案。那時(shí)的方案一般比較籠統(tǒng)，而且在客戶需求不是十分明確的情況下提交方案，往往和實(shí)際制作后的結(jié)果會(huì)有很大差異。所以應(yīng)該盡量取得客戶的理解，在明確需求并總體設(shè)計(jì)后提交方案，這樣對(duì)雙方都有益處。網(wǎng)站建設(shè)方案的包括以下幾個(gè)部分：
In the overall design comes out, generally need to give the customer a website construction plan. Many web production company in consult with the business when he was asked to provide customer solutions. At that time the scheme are general average, and in customer demand is not very clear cases submitted to program, often be the actual production and the results after will have very big difference. So should try to get the customer understanding, in clear needs and overall design scheme after submit, so to both sides is beneficial. Website construction scheme of from the following aspects:

1.客戶情況分析；
Customer analysis;

2.網(wǎng)站需要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目的和目標(biāo)；
The website needs to have goals and targets;

3.網(wǎng)站形象說明；
Website image shows;

4.網(wǎng)站的欄目版塊和結(jié)構(gòu)；
The web site of columns and structure;

5.網(wǎng)站內(nèi)容的安排，相互鏈接關(guān)系；
Web site the arrangement of the content, links to each other relations;

6.使用軟件，硬件和技術(shù)分析說明；
Use the software, hardware and technical analysis shows;

7.開發(fā)時(shí)間進(jìn)度表；
Development time schedule;

8.宣傳推廣方案；
Promotion plan;

9.維護(hù)方案；
Maintenance program;

10.制作費(fèi)用；
To make expense;

11.本公司簡介：成功作品，技術(shù)，人才說明等。
This company profile: successful work, technology, talent shows, etc.

當(dāng)您的方案通過客戶的認(rèn)可，那么恭喜你！您可以開始動(dòng)手制作網(wǎng)站了。但還不是真正意義上的制作，你需要進(jìn)行詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)：
When you plan through the customer recognition, so congratulations you! You can start making web sites. But not the real sense of production, you need to conduct detailed design.

網(wǎng)站詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)(Website the detailed design)

總體設(shè)計(jì)階段以比較抽象概括的方式提出了解決問題的辦法。詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)階段的任務(wù)就是把解法具體化。詳細(xì)設(shè)計(jì)主要是針對(duì)程序開發(fā)部分來說的。但這個(gè)階段的不是真正編寫程序，而是設(shè)計(jì)出程序的詳細(xì)規(guī)格說明。這種規(guī)格說明的作用很類似于其他工程領(lǐng)域中工程師經(jīng)常使用的工程藍(lán)圖，它們應(yīng)該 包含必要的細(xì)節(jié)，例如：程序界面，表單，需要的數(shù)據(jù)等。程序員可以根據(jù)它們寫出實(shí)際的程序代碼。
General design stage in order to compare the general abstract way a solution to this problem. The detailed design phase of the task is to a specific method. The detailed design is mainly for program development parts is. But this phase of not really program, but the detailed design program specifications. This specification is very similar to the role of other engineering field engineers often use engineering blueprint, they should contain necessary details, such as: program interface, the form, need the data, etc. Programmers can write them according to their actual program code.

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